Polar Orbit

Polar Orbiting Satellites Polar orbiting satellites orbit the world in such how on cover the north and south Polar Regions. Note that the term polar orbiting doesn't mean that the satellite orbits around one or the opposite of the poles). 

 

 

Figure shows a polar orbit in reference to the geosynchronous orbit .  

•  Where as there's just one geosynchronous orbit , there are, in theory, an infinite number of polar orbits. 
• The U.S. experience with weather satellites has led to the utilization of relatively low orbits, ranging in altitude between 800 and 900 km, compared with 36,000 km for the geosynchronous orbit .
•  In the us , the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) operates a meteorological satellite system. Their website are often found at http://www.noaa.gov/. 
• The system uses both geostationary satellites, mentioned as geostationary operational environmental satellites (GOES), and polar operational environmental satellites (POES).  There are two of those polar satellites in orbit at anybody time. 
• The orbits are circular, passing on the brink of the poles, and that they are sun synchronous, meaning that they cross the equator at an equivalent civil time every day . 
• The morning orbit, at an altitude of 830 km, crosses the equator going from south to north at 7:30 A.M. each day, and therefore the afternoon orbit, at an altitude of 870 km, at 1:40 P.M. 
• The polar orbiters are ready to track weather over the whole earth and supply a good range of knowledge , including visible and infrared radiometer data for imaging purposes, radiation measurements, and temperature profiles. 
• They carry ultraviolet sensors that measure ozone levels, and that they can monitor the hole over Antarctica. 
• The polar orbiters carry a NOAA letter designation before launch, which is modified to a numeric designation once the satellite achieves orbit. 

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